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Monday, 2 July 2012
Electronic Devices and circuits Lab
JAWAHARLAL
NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYKAKINADA
II Year B.Tech EEE I-Sem
ELECTRONIC
DEVICES AND CIRCUITS LAB
PART A :
(Only for viva voce Examination)
ELECTRONIC
WORKSHOP PRACTICE ( in 6 lab sessions) :
1. Identification, Specifications, Testing of R, L, C Components
(Colour Codes),
Potentiometers, Switches (SPDT, DPDT, and DIP), Coils, Gang
Condensers, Relays, Bread
Boards.
2. Identification, Specifications and Testing of Active Devices,
Diodes, BJTs, Lowpower
JFETs, MOSFETs, Power Transistors, LEDs, LCDs, Optoelectronic
Devices, SCR, UJT,
DIACs, TRIACs, Linear and Digital ICs.
3. Soldering practice – Simple Circuits using active and passive
components.
4. Single layer and Multi layer PCBs (Identification and Utility).
5. Study and operation of
• Multimeters (Analog and Digital)
• Function Generator
• Regulated Power Supplies
1. Study and Operation of CRO.
PART B :
(For Laboratory examination – Minimum of 10 experiments)
1.
Frequency measurment using Lissajous Figures
2. PN Junction diode characteristics A. Forward bias B. Reverse
bias.( cut-in voltage &
Resistance calculations)
3. Zener diode characteristics and Zener as a regulator
4. Transistor CB characteristics (Input and Output) & h
Parameter calculations
5. Transistor CE characteristics (Input and Output) & h
Parameter calculations
6. Rectifier without filters (Full wave & Half wave)
7. Rectifier with filters (Full wave & Half wave)
8. FET characteristics
9. SCR Charecteristics
10. UJT Charectristics
11. CE Amplifier
12. CC Amplifier (Emitter Follower).
PART C:
Equipment
required for Laboratories:
1. Regulated Power supplies (RPS) - 0-30v
2. CROs - 0-20M Hz.
3. Function Generators - 0-1 M Hz.
4. Multimeters
5. Decade Resitance Boxes/Rheostats
6. Decade Capacitance Boxes
7. Micro Ammeters (Analog or Digital) - 0-20 μA, 0-50μA, 0-100μA,
0-
200μA
8. Voltmeters (Analog or Digital) - 0-50V, 0-100V, 0-250V
Electronic Components - Resistors, Capacitors, BJTs, LCDs,
SCRs, UJTs, FETs, LEDs,
Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulic Machines lab
JAWAHARLAL
NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA
II Year B.Tech EEE I-Sem
FLUID MECHANICS AND
HYDRAULIC MACHINES LAB
1.
Impact of jets on Vanes
2.
Performance Test on Pelton Wheel.
3.
Performance Test on Francis Turbine
4. Performance
Test on Kaplan Turbine
5.
Performance Test on Single Stage Centrifugal Pump
6.
Performance Test on Multi Stage Centrifugal Pump
7.
Performance Test on Reciprocating Pump
8.
Calibration of Venturimeter
9.
Calibration of Orifice meter.
10.
Determination of friction factor for a given pipe line.11. Determination of
loss of head due to
sudden
contraction in a pipeline.
12.
Turbine flow meter.
Note:
Any 10 of the above 12 experiments are to be conducted.
Managerial Economics and Financial Analysis
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA
Common to all Branches (w.e.f.2010 batch)
MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS AND
FINANCIAL ANALYSIS
Unit I
Introduction to Managerial
Economics:
Demand Analysis: Meaning- Demand distinctions- Demand determinants- Law of Demand and
its exceptions.
Unit-II
Elasticity of Demand &
Demand Forecasting: Definition -Types of
Elasticity of demand Measurement of price elasticity of demand: Total outlay
method, Point method and Arc method- Significance of Elasticity of Demand.
Demand Forecasting: Meaning - Factors governing demand forecasting - Methods of demand
forecasting (survey of buyers’ Intentions, Delphi method, Collective opinion, Analysis
of Time series and Trend projections, Economic Indicators, Controlled
experiments and Judgmental approach) - Forecasting demand for new products-
Criteria of a good forecasting method.
Unit-III
Theory of Production and
Cost Analysis: Production Function-
Isoquants and Isocosts, MRTS, Law of variable proportions- Law of returns to
scale- Least Cost Combination of Inputs, Cobb-Douglas Production function -
Economies of Scale.
Cost Analysis: Cost concepts, Opportunity cost, Fixed Vs Variable costs, Explicit
costs Vs. Implicit costs, Out of pocket costs vs. Imputed costs.-Determination
of Break-Even Point (simple problems) - Managerial Significance and limitations
of BEP.
UNIT-IV
Introduction to Markets,
Managerial Theories of the Firm & Pricing Policies: Market structures: Types of competition,
Features of Perfect Competition, Monopoly and Monopolistic Competition.
Price-Output Determination under Perfect Competition, Monopoly, Monopolistic
Competition and Oligopoly Managerial theories of the firm – Marris and
Williamson’s models.
Pricing Policies: Methods of Pricing-Marginal Cost Pricing, Limit
Pricing, Market Skimming Pricing, Penetration Pricing, Bundling Pricing, and
Peak Load Pricing. Internet Pricing Models: Flat rate pricing, Usage sensitive
pricing, Transaction based pricing, Priority pricing, charging on the basis of
social cost, Precedence model, Smart market mechanism model.
Unit V
Types of Industrial
Organization & Introduction to business cycles: Characteristic features of Industrial organization, Features and
evaluation of Sole Proprietorship, Partnership, Joint Stock Company, State/Public
Enterprises and their types.
Introduction to business
cycles: Meaning-Phases of business cycles- Features of
business cycles.
Unit VI
Introduction to Financial
Accounting: Introduction to Double-entry
system, Journal, Ledger, Trial Balance- Final Accounts (with simple
adjustments)- Limitations of Financial Statements.
Unit VII
Interpretation and
analysis of Financial Statement: Ratio Analysis – Liquidity
ratios, Profitability ratios and solvency ratios – Preparation of changes in
working capital statement and fund flow statement.
Unit VIII
Capital
and
Capital Budgeting: Meaning of capital
budgeting, Need for capital budgeting – Capital budgeting decisions (Examples
of capital budgeting) - Methods of Capital Budgeting: Payback Method, Accounting
Rate of Return (ARR), IRR and Net Present Value Method (simple problems)
Text Books:
1. J.V.Prabhakar Rao: Managerial Economics and Financial Analysis, Maruthi Publications,
2011
2. N. Appa Rao. & P.
Vijaya Kumar: ‘Managerial Economics and
Financial Analysis’, Cengage Publications, New Delhi, 2011
References:
1. A R
Aryasri - Managerial Economics and Financial Analysis, TMH 2011
2. Suma
damodaran- Managerial Economics, Oxford 2011
3. S.A.
Siddiqui & A.S. Siddiqui, Mangerial Economice and Financial Analysis, New Age
International Publishers, 2011.
Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulic Machines
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU
TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA
FLUID MECHANICS AND
HYDRAULIC MACHINERY
UNIT I
Fluid
statics: Dimensions and units:
physical properties of fluids- specific gravity, viscosity
surface tension- vapor pressure and their influence on fluid
motion- atmospheric gauge and vacuum
pressure – measurement of pressure- Piezometer, U-tube and
differential manometers.
UNIT II
Fluid kinematics: stream line, path line and streak lines and
stream tube, classification of flows-steady
& unsteady, uniform, non uniform, laminar, turbulent,
rotational, and irrotational flows-equation of
continuity for one dimensional flow.
Fluid dynamics: surface and body forces –Euler’s and Bernoulli’s
equations for flow along a stream
line, momentum equation and its application on force on pipe bend.
UNIT III
Closed conduit flow: Reynold’s experiment- Darcy Weisbach
equation- Minor losses in pipes- pipes
in series and pipes in parallel- total energy line-hydraulic
gradient line.
Measurement of flow: pilot tube, venturimeter, and orifice meter,
Flow nozzle, Turbine flow meter
(Ref.4)
Basics of turbo machinery: hydrodynamic force of jets on
stationary and moving flat, inclined,
and curved vanes, jet striking centrally and at tip, velocity
diagrams, work don and efficiency, flow
over radial vanes.
UNIT V
Hydroelectric
power stations: Elements of hydro electric
power station-types-concept of
pumped storage plants-storage requirements, mass curve
(explanation only) estimation of power
developed from a given catchment area; heads and efficiencies.
UNIT VI
Hydraulic
Turbines: classification of
turbines, impulse and reaction turbines, Pelton wheel,
Francis turbine and Kaplan turbine-working proportions, work done,
efficiencies , hydraulic design
–draft tube- theory- functions and efficiency.
UNIT VII
Performance
of hydraulic turbines: Geometric similarity, Unit
and specific quantities,
characteristic curves, governing of turbines, selection of type of
turbine, cavitation, surge tank, water
hammer.
UNIT-VIII
Centrifugal
pumps: classification, working,
work done – manomertic head- losses and
efficiencies- specific speed- pumps in series and parallel-performance
characteristic curves, NPSH.
Reciprocating pumps: Working, Discharge, slip, indicator diagrams
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Hydraulics, fluid mechanics and Hydraulic machinery MODI and
SETH.
2. Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulic Machines by Rajput.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Power Engineering by D.S. Kumar,
Kotaria & Sons.
2. Fluid Mechanics and Machinery by D. Rama Durgaiah, New Age
International.
3. Hydraulic Machines by Banga & Sharma, Khanna Publishers.
4. Instrumentation for Engineering Measurements by James W. Dally,
William E. Riley ,John Wiley
& Sons Inc. 2004 (Chapter 12 – Fluid Flow Measurements)
Electronic devices and Circuits
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA
Electronic Devices and
Circuits
Unit-I
Electron Ballistics and
Applications: Force on Charged Particles
in Electric field, Constant Electric Field, Potential, Relationship between
Field Intensity and Potential, Two Dimensional Motion, Electrostatic Deflection
in Cathode ray Tube, CRO, Force in Magnetic Field, Motion in Magnetic Field,
Magnetic Deflection in CRT, Magnetic Focusing, Parallel
Electric
and Magnetic fields and Perpendicular Electric and Magnetic Fields.
Unit- II
Review of Semi Conductor
Physics : Insulators, Semi conductors, and Metals
classification
using
Energy Band Diagrams, Mobility and Conductivity, Electrons and holes in
Intrinsic Semi conductors, Extrinsic Semi Conductor, (P and N Type
semiconductor) Hall effect, Generation and Recombination of Charges, Diffusion,
Continuity Equation, Injected Minority Carriers, Law of Junction, Fermi Dirac
Function, Fermi level in Intrinsic and Extrinsic
Semiconductor
Unit- III
Junction Diode
Characteristics : Open circuited P N Junction,
Forward and Reverse Bias, Current components in PN Diode, Diode
Equation,Volt-Amper Characteristic, Temperature Dependence on V – I
characteristic, Step Graded Junction, Diffusion Capacitance and Diode
Resistance (Static and Dynamic), Energy Band Diagram of PN Diode,
Special Diodes: Avalanche and Zener Break Down, Zener Characterisitics, Tunnel
Diode, Characteristics with the help of Energy Band Diagrams, Varactor Diode,
LED, PIN Diode, Photo Diode
Unit IV
Rectifiers and Filters: Half wave rectifier, ripple factor, full wave rectifier(with and
without
transformer),
Harmonic components in a rectifier circuit, Inductor filter, Capacitor filter,
Lsection
filter,
Π- section filter, Multiple L- section and Multiple Π section filter, and comparison of various filter circuits in terms
of ripple factors, Simple circuit of a regulator using zener diode, Series and
Shunt voltage regulators
Unit- V
Transistors :
Junction
transistor, Transistor current components, Transistor as an amplifier,
Characteristics of Transistor in Common Base and Common Emitter Configurations,
Analytical expressions for Transistor Characteristics, Punch Through/ Reach
Through, Photo Transistor, Typical transistor junction voltage values.
Unit VI
Field Effect Transistors:
JFET
characteristics (Qualitative and Quantitative discussion), Small signal model
of JFET, MOSFET characteristics (Enhancement and depletion mode), Symbols of
MOSFET, Introduction to SCR and UJT and their characteristics,
UNIT-VII
Transistor Biasing and
Thermal Stabilization : Transistor Biasing and
Thermal Stabilization: Operating point, Basic Stability, Collector to Base
Bias, Self Bias Amplifiers, Stabilization against variations in VBE,, and β for
the self bias circuit, Stabilization factors, (S, S', S'’), Bias Compensation,
Thermistor and Sensitor compensation, Compensation against variation in VBE,
Ico,, Thermal runaway, Thermal stability
UNIT- VIII
Small signal low frequency
Transistor models: Two port devices and the
Hybrid model, Transistor Hybrid model, Determination of h-parameters from
characteristics, Measurement of h-parameters, Conversion formulas for the
parameters of three transistor configurations, Analysis of a Transistor
Amplifier circuit using h- parameters, Comparison of Transistor Amplifier
configurations
Text Books
1.
Electronic Devices and Circuits – J. Millman, C.C. Halkias, Tata Mc-Graw Hill
2.
Electronic Devices and Circuits – K Satya Prasad, VGS Book Links
Reference
1.
Integrated Electronics – Jacob Millman, Chritos C. Halkies,, Tata Mc-Graw Hill,
2009
2.
Electronic Devices and Circuits – Salivahanan, Kumar, Vallavaraj, TATA McGraw
Hill, Second Edition
3.. Electronic Devices and
Circuits – R.L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky, Pearson/Prentice Hall,9thEdition,2006
Electro magnetic Fields
II Year B.Tech EEE I-Sem
ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS
Objective :
The
objective of this course is to introduce the concepts of electric field and
magnetic fields and their applications which will be utilized in the
development of the theory for power transmission lines and electrical machines.
UNIT – I Electrostatics:
Electrostatic
Fields – Coulomb’s Law – Electric Field Intensity (EFI) – EFI due to a line and
a surface charge – Work done in moving a point charge in an electrostatic field
– Electric Potential – Properties of potential function – Potential gradient –
Guass’s law – Application of Guass’s Law – Maxwell’s first law, div( D )=ρv
UNIT – II Conductors and
Dipole:
Laplace’s
and Poison’s equations – Solution of Laplace’s equation in one variable.
Electric dipole – Dipole moment – potential and EFI due to an electric dipole –
Torque on an Electric dipole in an electric field – Behavior of conductors in
an electric field – Conductors and Insulators.
UNIT – III Dielectric
& Capacitance :
Electric
field inside a dielectric material – polarization – Dielectric – Conductor and
Dielectric – Dielectric boundary conditions, Capacitance – Capacitance of
parallel plate and spherical and co-axial capacitors with composite dielectrics
– Energy stored and energy density in a static electric field – Current density
– conduction and Convection current densities – Ohm’s law in point form –
Equation of continuity
UNIT – IV Magneto Statics
:
Static
magnetic fields – Biot-Savart’s law – Oesterd’s experiment - Magnetic field
intensity (MFI) – MFI due to a straight current carrying filament – MFI due to
circular, square and solenoid current – Carrying wire – Relation between
magnetic flux, magnetic flux density and MFI – Maxwell’s second Equation,
div(B)=0.
UNIT – V Ampere’s
circuital law and its applications:
Ampere’s
circuital law and its applications viz. MFI due to an infinite sheet of current
and a long current carrying filament – Point form of Ampere’s circuital law –
Maxwell’s third equation, Curl (H)=Jc, Field due to a circular loop,
rectangular and square loops.
UNIT – VI Force in
Magnetic fields:
Magnetic
force - Moving charges in a Magnetic field – Lorentz force equation – force on
a current element in a magnetic field – Force on a straight and a long current
carrying conductor in a magnetic field – Force between two straight long and
parallel current carrying conductors – Magnetic dipole and dipole moment – a
differential current loop as a magnetic dipole – Torque on a current loop
placed in a magnetic field
UNIT – VII Magnetic
Potential:
Scalar
Magnetic potential and its limitations – vector magnetic potential and its
properties – vector magnetic potential due to simple configurations – vector
Poisson’s equations. Self and Mutual inductance – Neumans’s formulae –
determination of selfinductance of a solenoid and toroid and mutual inductance
between a straight long wire and a square loop wire in the same plane – energy
stored and density in a magnetic field. Introduction to permanent magnets,
their characteristics and applications.
UNIT – VIII Time Varying
Fields:
Time
varying fields – Faraday’s laws of electromagnetic induction – Its integral and
point forms – Maxwell’s fourth equation, Curl (E)=-∂B/∂t – Statically and Dynamically
induced EMFs – Simple problems -Modification of Maxwell’s equations for time
varying fields – Displacement current – Poynting Theorem and Poynting vector.
TEXT BOOKS:
1.“Engineering
Electromagnetics” by William H. Hayt & John. A. Buck Mc. Graw-Hill
Companies, 7th Editon.2006.
REFERENCE BOOKS
1.“
Principles of Electro Magnetics” by Sadiku, Oxford Publications,4th edition
Electrical Machines -1
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL
UNIVERSITY KAKINADA
II Year B.Tech EEE I-Sem
Objective
:
Electrical machines course is one of the important courses of the
Electrical discipline. In this
course the different types of DC generators and motors which are
widely used in industry
are covered and their performance aspects will be studied.
UNIT – I
Electromechanical Energy Conversion
Electromechanical Energy conversion – forces and torque in
magnetic field systems – energy
balance- energy and force in a singly excited magnetic field
system, determination of
magnetic force - co-energy – multi excited magnetic field systems.
UNIT – II
D.C. Generators – Construction & Operation
D.C. Generators – Principle of operation – Constructional
Features-E.M.F Equation- Action
of commutator – armature windings – lap and wave windings –
simplex and multiplex
windings –Methods of Excitation-Types of DC generator: separately
excited and self excited
generators
UNIT –
III Armature Reaction in D.C. Generator
Armature reaction – Cross magnetizing and de-magnetizing AT/pole
–commutation Process –
reactance voltage – methods of improving commutation –
Compensating windings –
Interpoles.
UNIT – IV
Characteristics of D.C Generators
O.C.C– build-up of E.M.F - critical field resistance and critical
speed - causes for failure to
self excite and remedial measures—Internal & External
characteristics of shunt, series and
Compound generator-Applications, Losses and Efficiency.
UNIT – V Parallel
Operation
Need for parallel operation - Parallel operation of DC Shunt and
Compound generators – use
of equalizer bar and cross connection of field windings – load
sharing.
UNIT – VI
D.C. Motors
D.C Motors – Principle of operation – Back E.M.F. - Torque
equation –characteristics of
shunt, series and compound motors – Armature reaction and
commutation, Losses and
Efficiency.
UNIT –
VII Speed Control of D.C. Motors
Speed control of d.c. Motors: Armature voltage and field flux
control methods. Ward-
Leonard system. Principle of 3 point and 4 point starters –
protective devices—Application
of DC Motors.
UNIT –
VIII Testing of D.C. Machines
Testing of d.c. machines: methods of testing-:Brake test, Indirect
testing: Swinburne’s
method-- Regenerative or Hopkinson’s method-- Field’s test for
series machines—
Retardation test-- separation of losses
TEXT
BOOKS:
1.Electrical Machines – P.S. Bimbra., Khanna Publishers
REFERENCE
BOOKS:
1.Electrical Machines by R.K.Rajput, Lakshmi publications,5th
edition
2.Electrical Machines by D P.Kothari, I .J .Nagarth,Mc GrawHill
Publications, 4th edition
Electrical circuit analysis - 1
II YEAR I SEM B.Tech EEE
Electrical
Circuit Analysis-I
Objective:
This course introduces the basic concepts of circuit analysis
which is the foundation for all
subjects of the Electrical Engineering discipline. The emphasis of
this course is laid on the
basic analysis of circuits which includes single phase circuits,
magnetic circuits, theorems,
transient analysis and network topology.
UNIT-I
Introduction to Electrical Circuits
Circuit concepts –Resistor(R)-Inductor(L)-Capacitor(C)-Voltage and
Current Sources (Ideal
and Non-Ideal)- Independent and Dependent Sources-Source
transformation-Voltage -
Current relationship for passive bilateral elements (for different
input signals-square, ramp,
saw tooth, triangular)-Ohm’s law
UNIT-II
Kirchoff’s laws – Network reduction techniques-Series, parallel,
series parallel, star-to-delta
or delta-to-star transformation, Nodal analysis, mesh analysis,
super node and super mesh for
D.C excitations.
UNIT-III
Single Phase A.C Circuits
R.M.S,Average values and form factor for different periodic wave
forms – sinusoidal
alternating quantities – Phase and Phase difference – Complex and
polar forms of
representations, J-notation, Steady state analysis of R,L and C
(in series, parallel and series
parallel combinations) with sinusoidal excitation-Concept of
Reactance, Impedance,
Susceptance and Admittance-Power Factor and significance-Real and
Reactive power,
Complex Power.
Locus diagrams - series R-L, R-C, R-L-C and parallel combination
with variation of various
parameters - Resonance-series, parallel circuits, concept of band
width and Q factor.
UNIT-V
Magnetic Circuits
Magnetic circuits-Basic definition of MMF, flux and
reluctance-Analogy between electrical
and magnetic circuits, Faraday’s laws of electromagnetic
induction-concept of self and
mutual inductance-dot convention-coefficient of coupling-composite
magnetic circuitanalysis
of series and parallel magnetic circuits
UNIT-VI
Network topology
Definitions – Graph – Tree, Basic cutset and Basic Tieset matrices
for planar networks –
Loop and Nodal methods of analysis of Networks with dependent
& independent voltage and
current sources – Duality & Dual networks.
UNIT-VII
Network theorems –I (Without Proof)
Thevenin’s, Norton’s, Maximum Power Transfer and Millman’s
theorems for D.C and
sinusoidal excitations.
UNIT-VIII
Network theorems – II (Without Proof)
Tellegen’s, Superposition, Reciprocity and compensation theorems
for D.C and sinusoidal
excitations.
Text
Books:
• Engineering Circuit Analysis by William Hayt and Jack
E.Kemmerley,Mc Graw Hill
Company,6 th edition
• Network Analysis by K.Satya Prasad and S.Sivanagaraju, Cengage
Learning
Reference
Books:
• Electrical Circuits by
A. Sudhakar and Shyammohan S Palli, Tata McGraw- Hill.
• Network Analysis by N.C.Jagan, C.Lakshmi Narayana BS
publications 2nd edition.
• Network Analysis: Van Valkenburg; Prentice-Hall of India Private
Ltd.
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